Chapter 4 Review and Questions

By:Sammi Marshall
November 30, 09


1. Name and describe the 12 parts of the digital camcorder.
Lens, zoom buttons, record button, built-in microphone, viewfinder, tally light, handle or carrying strap, power button, battery compartment, accessory shoe, effects and other buttons, manual zoom lever, infrared window, flip- out LCD screen,

2. What are the 3 types of angles? What emotions or feelings does each angle portray?
High angle makes the people or objects appear smaller, normal angle shoots exactly what a person would see, and low angle is a very dramatic effect when used properly makes the person or object appear larger.

3.Name the 7 types of shots and explain why different shots are used in a video production.
1. Extreme Long Shot (XLS)used to show a large area or landscape
- sometimes people in a large crowd can be considered as an XLS
- most impersonal shot because it would be hard to see any reactions or emotion from people in the shot since they are too far away.
- Ex. Shot of school
2. Long Shot (LS)
- a closer shot than an XLS
- would contain a person’s entire body from the top of their head to the bottom of their feet.
3. Medium Long Shot (MLS)
- contain a person from their knees to the top of the head.
4. Medium Shot (MS)
- considered to be what a person would see if they were standing and talking to another person.
- most comfortable view
- used in most productions
- shot contains a person from the waist to the top of the head.
5. Medium Close-Up (MCU)
- often referred to as a head and shoulders shot
- contains a person’s head and shoulders completely

6. Close-Up (CU)
- used to show emotion on subject’s face
- slightly closer than the MCU with just the top of the shoulder’s visible.
7. Extreme Close-Up (XCU)
- shows emotion very clearly
- contains entire face of subject
- has tendency to make the viewer feel uncomfortable because it is too close.
4. Explain how each of the 7 types of camera movements could be used in a video.Support your answer with examples from television or from a recent movie.
1. Pan
- a camera movement where the tripod or operator stays stationary in one place and the camcorder is turned from right to left or left to right.
- give te4h viewer a sense of what is contained within a scene.
- pans are sometimes necessary to get everything into the picture because the camcorder does not have as wide a view as the human eye.
2. Tilt
- has a stationary base but the camera is gradually moved from top to bottom or bottom to top.
-has the same effect as a pan
- allows viewer to see more objects in a scene.
- can convey mystery

3. Zoom
- the gradual narrowing of the camera’s view from a stationary location.
- most popular functions.
- must be a purpose to your zoom
4. Dolly
- is the physical movement of the camera towards or away from a subject.
- does not use zoom function.
- camera is moved manually
- Dolly In: means camera is getting closer to the subject
- Dolly Out: moving camera further away from subject
- MTV and MuchMusic use Dollying effect
- shows aimed at youth
5. Truck
- physical movement of the camera from left to right or right to left.
- camera moved manually
- used when following a person or subject
- in high budget, professional movies, trucks are done along tracks or from moving vehicles to make sure there are no jumps or jitters in the image
- Truck Left: moves the camera from its current position to a new position to its left side
-Truck Right: moves camera to the right.
6. Arc
- physical movement of the camera left or right while always keeping the subject in the middle of the picture.
- A continuous arc would eventually end up back at the starting point, making a 360 degree circle around the subect.
- used in programs aimed at a younger generation, namely teenagers
7. Pedestal
- is the movement of the camera up or down from a fixed position usually while using a tripod.
- a modified version of pedestal is often used in movies when the scene starts out over top of a house or neighbourhood and lower itself to street level.
- feature films use a device called a jib to ensure a smooth movement.most personal of all video shots

5. Light is one of the most important parts of a scene. Explain 3 point lighting and draw a diagram showing how 2 people doing a talk show interview would be.
3 point lighting involves the placement of 3 lights around the scene. The lights are called key light, fill light, black light. (we don’t have to draw the diagram)

6.What are the three most common video camera accessories? Give 2 examples for each and explain what they do.
The 3 most common video accessories are lenses, microphones, and video lights. Two most common lenses are the wide angle lens and the telephoto lens. They extend the normal range of our video cameras. The lenses on a camcorder will cover a 50 degree angle view. The wireless microphone is the most ideal type if you plan on isolating the speech of someone. The transmitter is worn by the subject and a lapel mic. is usually clipped onto a collar or somewhere on the shirt. External lights are powered by one or two sources: a battery or wall outlet. Wireless video lights are more practical to use for the average person. Wireless video lights typically use camcorder batteries as their power source.

7.Explain the term Resolution.
Resolution is the number of lines a format will put on your television set.

8. Name and describe three of the common camcorder features.
Digital zoom allows the user to zoom in much closer to an object than the optical zoom will. It makes the picture virtually unusable. White balancing the camera means that you are telling the camcorder what the colour white looks like under a particular type of light. Night vision enables you to video tape in the dark, and usually appears like a spotlight